Greg Egan explores this idea too. In his Quarantine. From the perspective of a guy who was involuntarily programmed for loyalty. Interesting stuff.

Stephen R Donaldson also touches the subject a little in his gap stuff.

Of course these days we'd probably mark them with an RFID chip. Just beneath the back of the skull, in the spine, right next to the microbomb.

(Keep getting that god damn you're posting too fast bullshit. Thank Hacker News for protecting you from bad thoughts)

(Expand your scifi literacy)