'Catching' a piece of space debris is really a 7-dimensional problem, isn't it?
You have to be in the right place at the right time (4), but if you have the wrong velocity (+3) you just end up causing the very problem you're trying to prevent.
I think there has to be a way around this, at least for the small stuff. You ought to be able to catch flecks of paint and the like with a Whipple shield backed by a plate of steel. Or maybe the same kind of aerogel setup they use for collecting comet tails.
You have to be in the right place at the right time (4), but if you have the wrong velocity (+3) you just end up causing the very problem you're trying to prevent.