I see the point made by the economic calculation problem for state planning, but don't see how it applies to a carbon tax as a scheme to incentivize behavior.

Eg. Governments do a lot already to (dis)incentivize behavior through tax policy. Are you saying this doesn't work?

I'll do some further reading on cap and trade, most of my knowledge on this matter is from the book Storms of my Grandchildren, which speaks to the issues against cap and trade at length.