As I've been saying for years, the Great Firewall of China is -- or was -- the prototype.

Look at its early history: Built with "Western" technology and consulting.

Did you think all these firms were creating a one-off?

And, the following observation is perhaps stretching the interpretation a bit (or not), but I find it somewhat ironic that, after all this, it is a Chinese company that is pushing this implementation forward. Use domestic market access to acquire the knowledge (sometimes, by hook or by crook), and then use your control of your own labor market to undersell the competition.