Codex/Jules are taking a very different approach than CC/Curser,
There used to be this thesis in software of [Cathedral vs Bazaar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cathedral_and_the_Bazaar), the modern version of it is you either
1) build your own cathedral, and you bring the user to your house. It is a more controlled environment, deployment is easier, but also the upside is more limited and also shows the model can't perform out-of-distribution. OpenAI has taken this approach for all of its agentic offering, whether ChatGPT Agent or Codex.
2) the alternative is Bazaar, where you bring the agent to the user, and let it interact with 1000 different apps/things/variables in their environment. It is 100x more difficult to pull this off, and you need better model that are more adaptable. But payoff is higher. The issues that you raised (env setup/config/etc) are temporary and fixable.
This is the actual essence of CATB, has very little to with your analogy:
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> The software essay contrasts two different free software development models:
> The cathedral model, in which source code is available with each software release, but code developed between releases is restricted to an exclusive group of software developers. GNU Emacs and GCC were presented as examples.
> The bazaar model, in which the code is developed over the Internet in view of the public. Raymond credits Linus Torvalds, leader of the Linux kernel project, as the inventor of this process. Raymond also provides anecdotal accounts of his own implementation of this model for the Fetchmail project
While the GP is completely off-base with their analogy, the Wikipedia summary is so simplified to the point of missing all the arguments made in the original essay.
>No quiet, reverent cathedral-building here—rather, the Linux community seemed to resemble a great babbling bazaar of differing agendas and approaches (aptly symbolized by the Linux archive sites, who'd take submissions from anyone) out of which a coherent and stable system could seemingly emerge only by a succession of miracles.
> The fact that this bazaar style seemed to work, and work well, came as a distinct shock. As I learned my way around, I worked hard not just at individual projects, but also at trying to understand why the Linux world not only didn't fly apart in confusion but seemed to go from strength to strength at a speed barely imaginable to cathedral-builders.
It then goes on to analyze why this worked at all, and if the successful bazaar-style model can be replicated (it can).
CATB was about how to organize people to tackle major community/collaborative efforts in a social system that is basically anarchy.
Both situations you've described are Cathedrals in the CATB sense: all dev costs are centralized and communities are impoverished by repeating the same dev work over and over and over and over.
cathedral = sandbox env in the provider's cloud, so [codex](https://chatgpt.com/codex) uses this model. Their codex-cli product is the Bazaar model, where you run in your computer, in your own environment.
Claude Code, on the other hand, doesn't have the cloud-based sandboxing product, you have to run in on your computer, so the bazaar model. You can also run in in a way that anthropic never envisioned (e.g. give it control to your house).
Curser also follows the same model, albeit they have been trying to get into the cathedral model by using the background agent (as someone also pointed out below). Presumably not to lose the market share to codex/jules/etc.
Claude Code does have remote sandboxing, and it’s better & more enterprise ready than any of these alternatives.
Can deploy as a github action right now.
Tag it in any new issue, pr, etc.
Future history will highlight Claude Code as the first true form agent. These other analogies are not intuitive enough for the evolution of an os-native agent into eventual ai robotics.
There used to be this thesis in software of [Cathedral vs Bazaar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cathedral_and_the_Bazaar), the modern version of it is you either 1) build your own cathedral, and you bring the user to your house. It is a more controlled environment, deployment is easier, but also the upside is more limited and also shows the model can't perform out-of-distribution. OpenAI has taken this approach for all of its agentic offering, whether ChatGPT Agent or Codex.
2) the alternative is Bazaar, where you bring the agent to the user, and let it interact with 1000 different apps/things/variables in their environment. It is 100x more difficult to pull this off, and you need better model that are more adaptable. But payoff is higher. The issues that you raised (env setup/config/etc) are temporary and fixable.