I use either 2 spaces or tab for indentation for most languages, and I never go beyond 80 (actually, 79). It works well for XTerm, and most utilities that I use.
For git commits, I do not go beyond ~69 characters per line, so it looks neat when I am viewing the commit history.
120 characters may be fine if I only care about coding in VSCodium, for example, so sometimes I might go above the 80 column width when I am programming Go using VSCodium, but I try to not do that, because I still use "less" and whatnot, plus I have an old 17" monitor. I do not like wide monitors, I want to be able to look at the whole screen all at once, with wide monitors I would either have to be too far away, or move my head / neck / eyes too often.
So... my fonts are small, I limit to 80 column width, and I am quite happy with it. :P
To each their own, although I would have issues with Java code that not only requires me to have many files open, I would have to switch back and forth files, and I would have to horizontally scroll a lot.
I hope you realize what I am trying to say, if not, I will elaborate.
Clearly to whom? I think it works fine in C with 8 spaces per indent level. It works fine in python and rust with 4 spaces per indent level. For some languages I think it's worth going down to 3 spaces per indent level. But I've not hit that many languages where it's worth going much past 80 characters.
> The question could possibly be exactly where to draw the limit, and that’s a debate for every project to have.
It is subjective, and does not live in a vacuum because along with purely subjective preference regarding it on its own, it affects, and is affected by, other choices like naming and indentation conventions.
They like 80 in their project. Feel free to choose something else for your project.