Currently on mobile and going from memory, but I remember having to push out quick patches for something around 2020-ish or late 2010s? The tip of my tongue says it was a use-after-free vuln in a patch to openssl, but I can't remember with confidence. I'll see if I can find it once I get home.
Worth noting lest I give the wrong impression, I don't think security is a reason to avoid Debian. For me the hacked up kernels and old packages have been much more the pain points, though I mostly stopped doing that work a few years ago. As a regular user (unless you're compiling lots of software yourself) it's a non-issue
Any examples more recent than CVE-2008-0166?