This outfit has changed the term "backdoor" to mean "any undocumented feature". The findings reported are absolutely not a backdoor in any conventional usage of the term. One would need to flash their own code to the micro to make use of these features, which is the normal operating mode for any micro device.
This is nothing other than a security research team trying to get some attention by crying wolf.
This isn't a backdoor, it's just an undocumented debugger in the HCI stack. You still need a physical UART connection to the device AFAIK. The exact same type of connection you use to program and debug the device normally.