Hooray! You managed to explain it as dryly and as poorly as any other linear algebra book or course out there.
Now, do the part with the explanation of what it actually means for a (physical) system to have eigenvalues, and what it tells you about the response of such a system to external or intensive inputs, or how to change such a system to targeted a certain response.
If you find that anything besides a poor dry explanation, that is on you. I am sorry this enrages you.
Eigenvalues in an oscillating system describe its resonant frequencies. Its eigenvectors can describe motion at that certain resonant frequency. Imagine a bridge. If wind or traffic match a resonant frequency (eigenvalue) it would be dangerous. Engineers can redesign it to change the corresponding eigenvector and shift the eigenvalue (its resonant frequency for that mode of oscillation) to a safer range. See that bridge in London.
Now, do the part with the explanation of what it actually means for a (physical) system to have eigenvalues, and what it tells you about the response of such a system to external or intensive inputs, or how to change such a system to targeted a certain response.