At the time of our investigation, we found few articles supporting that power caps could potentially cause hardware degradation, though I don't have the exact sources at hand. I see the child comment shared one example, and after some searching, I found a few more sources [1], [2].
That said, I'm not an electronics engineer, so my understanding might not be entirely accurate. It’s possible that the degradation was caused by power fluctuations rather than the power cap itself, or perhaps another factor was at play.
The power used by a computer isn't limited by giving it less voltage/current than it should have - if it was, the CPU would crash almost immediately. It's done by reducing the CPU's clock rate until the power it naturally consumes is less than the power limit.
That said, I'm not an electronics engineer, so my understanding might not be entirely accurate. It’s possible that the degradation was caused by power fluctuations rather than the power cap itself, or perhaps another factor was at play.
[1] https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/65837/can-el... [2] https://superuser.com/questions/1202062/what-happens-when-ha...