Spring's annotations arguably are black magic, but while Spring offers DI, DI is not Spring, and honestly something like Guice is a lot easier to follow since it only does annotation-based DI and not a bunch of other stuff.
Search within your IDE, do a Google search, whatever suits you.
What mentality? And the cognitive load is to RTFM, so that you understand what are you doing. If that leaves any questions you can attempt to do a deep dive. It's not particularly high cognitive load to know that @GET is a get rest endpoint.
How is that different without annotations? Documentation is also your best bet at first in case of a normal library function call. Jumping into that codebase can also be quite involved, depending on what it does.
There was a 'may' in my original comment. It is metaprogramming, so you can't see every usage automatically even with "alien tech" like IDEs, unlike in case of a normal type.
Especially that we are not even talking about own code, but third-party annotations with its third-party consumers. Also, grepping is a pretty standard term, it doesn't necessarily mean literal CLI grep, but go on with your advanced tooling as if no one else would be familiar with an IDE.