Which is not memorization, since memorization is defined by its limits: storing information based on its literal form, as apposed to some higher meaning.
It is called generalization. Learning specific examples with a shared memory too small to memorize all the examples, creates a gradient toward a more compact storage form: patterns. Which, unlike memorized examples, are able to generate reasonable guesses for similar but previously unencountered problems.
Generalization does not require reasoning, nor is it required for reasoning. But they often complement each other.
Where reasoning usually means some kind of flexible application of multiple steps. I.e. a sequence of steps, trying alternative steps, stepping forward to a solution, stepping back from the goal, accumulation of ever larger solved subsets or substeps of the problem, etc.
Which is not memorization, since memorization is defined by its limits: storing information based on its literal form, as apposed to some higher meaning.
It is called generalization. Learning specific examples with a shared memory too small to memorize all the examples, creates a gradient toward a more compact storage form: patterns. Which, unlike memorized examples, are able to generate reasonable guesses for similar but previously unencountered problems.
Generalization does not require reasoning, nor is it required for reasoning. But they often complement each other.
Where reasoning usually means some kind of flexible application of multiple steps. I.e. a sequence of steps, trying alternative steps, stepping forward to a solution, stepping back from the goal, accumulation of ever larger solved subsets or substeps of the problem, etc.