remember, before there was recorded music all music that could be heard was performed live. The technology has evolved over time. Once people were buying and using recorded music, there was a tendency for less creative participation. Some things have emerged in the face of this. For instance, karaoke, where people can participate live with the music. Also, things that DJs did. Scratching literally turns a record, the embodiment of mass media music, into a musical instrument being wielded by someone, often in a small group setting. When the raw material is traditional instruments, people can express themselves in certain ways. DJs remix, add breaks to, scratch over, rap over, and otherwise express themselves with the records and turntables as the raw material.