Containers are a great deployment target, but they're not really a great development environment for a few reasons (e.g., they're Linux-specific, so they require extra virtualization on non-Linux operating systems, the kind of isolation they provide is more of a hindrance than a help when it comes to working on your local filesystem, and for them to be useful you have to set up infrastructure to push and pull your private containers to and from).

Nix is a better fit for this, and when you're using Nix you can also have Nix generated containers for deployment. I think you can also use a container with Nix in to provide the devcontainers interface to devs who don't have Nix installed locally, and have it in turn use Nix against your project's flake to set up its environment.