> while at the same time being memory safe.

Woha! Well, maybe... Ada?

https://learn.adacore.com/courses/intro-to-ada/chapters/inte...

Edit: Also not yet mentioned: Julia: https://docs.julialang.org/en/v1/manual/calling-c-and-fortra...

Or guile: https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/manual/html_node/Dynamic-...

... Or ruby! (But by now we're solidly in the land of "all languages connect with C"):

https://github.com/ffi/ffi