I am not aware of this problem existing in practice.
Chargers and devices of course have a wide variety of power ratings, but those are generally all compatible with each other. Just get a charger with a higher rating than the device and it works.
When it comes to cables, pretty much everyone just uses the standard 20V 3A / 20V 5A / 48V 5A cables. The only exception I am aware of is Oppo's SuperVOOC.
A 140W MacBook USB-C charger can not charge an OnePlus 8.
A 67W Poco (Xioami) USB-C charger can barely charge a Pixel 6 (it basically runs out of battery while charging, 200-300mA are transmitted according to an app).
Chargers and devices of course have a wide variety of power ratings, but those are generally all compatible with each other. Just get a charger with a higher rating than the device and it works.
When it comes to cables, pretty much everyone just uses the standard 20V 3A / 20V 5A / 48V 5A cables. The only exception I am aware of is Oppo's SuperVOOC.