"is associated" means correlation, usually after whatever attempt (or no attempt, you have to read quite closely to tell) to account for confounding variables.

Even if they do make an attempt to control for such things, it's often useless. There's only so much you can do with limited data and if you're not of exceedingly high character, there's a lot of ways to cheat intentionally or accidentally.

So, this kind of result means very little. It _may_ be a thing that a better study could be based on, that's about it.

I personally would not be making changes in my life based on this type of result.