Easy. The election in July has not resulted in a new government yet. (FYI to Americans lamenting FPTP: this is what you get with proportional representation). The previous government is now a caretaker. That government, specifically the PM, is/was in its second term. That government is a coalition of various socialist parties. Your bogeyman far-right party lost seats.

Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Spanish_general_election and my own recollection of media coverage

It seems like you’re here to accuse me of taking sides in a culture war. I won’t engage in that.

What do you think about the part of the article I posted that ranks Spain near the bottom of Europe for progressive policies?

I am incredibly skeptical of the idea that Spain is one of the most progressive/liberal/left wing countries in Europe on a factual level. This is a country that is more religious than most of the rest of Western and Northern Europe.