It's certainly not as ergonomic as using the SSH extension directly, but you can...

seabrookmx on Sept 6, 2023 | parent | context | favorite | on: deVStudio – Runs VS Code on Android

It's certainly not as ergonomic as using the SSH extension directly, but you can SSH manually to your dev box, open a vscode tunnel, then connect to that from vscode.dev in a pinch.