It's mostly that Microsoft and Apple invest a lot of money in their IDEs to attract and retain development talent for the platforms that support the core of their business.
- In CLIs the function (what the software does) is more important than the presentation, in GUIs the usability expectations are higher.
- GUIs need constant cosmetic updates over the years to keep up with design fads
- GUIs in general require more work and a good eye to be considered useful
Linux market dynamics does not have such a "generous" vendor that might recoup their IDE development costs by selling other stuff.
- Historically, the Linux user base has been smaller
- GUIs are seen with contempt by a small but influent portion of the Linux crowd
- Linux users are less willing to pay for software because so much is available for free
Linux and Unix now have radare2/ired/rr, but DDD and gdb can work
pretty well too. Also, as everything it's libre/open source, you can set up debugging flags everywhere.
- In CLIs the function (what the software does) is more important than the presentation, in GUIs the usability expectations are higher.
- GUIs need constant cosmetic updates over the years to keep up with design fads
- GUIs in general require more work and a good eye to be considered useful
Linux market dynamics does not have such a "generous" vendor that might recoup their IDE development costs by selling other stuff.
- Historically, the Linux user base has been smaller
- GUIs are seen with contempt by a small but influent portion of the Linux crowd
- Linux users are less willing to pay for software because so much is available for free