What's it like using C++ for something like an afib detector? I imagine you can't use much of the STL, _or_ you toss in your own custom allocators to everything.
There is nothing wrong with using the STL in a medical device. Its certainly preferable to worrying about malloc and free. If you can get away with it stick with std::array for buffers. If you need resizable buffers you can create std::vectors with reserved capacity.
All the algorithm stuff in the STL is nice to use. You have do thorough testing anyhow, its better to use something that has a lot of eyes on it like the STL vs rolling your own.