Well, in one sense the are directly interconvertable. The documents in TerminusDB are elaborated to JSON-LD internally during type-checking and inference.

However, it's not just a question of whether one can be made into another. The use of contexts is very cumbersome, since you need to specify different contexts at different properties for different types. It makes far more sense to simply have a schema and perform the elaboration from there. Plus without an infrastructure for keys, Ids become extremely cumbersome. So beyond just type decorations on the leaves, It's the difference between:

  {
    "general_variables": {
      "alternative_name": ["Sadozai Kingdom", "Last Afghan Empire" ],
      "language":"latin"
    },
    "name":"AfDurrn",
    "social_complexity_variables": {
      "hierarchical_complexity": {"admin_levels":"five"},
      "information": {"articles":"present"}
    },
    "warfare_variables": {
      "military_technologies": {
        "atlatl":"present",
        "battle_axes":"present",
        "breastplates":"present"
      }
    }
  }

And

  {
    "@id":"Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11",
    "@type":"Polity",
    "general_variables": {
      "@id":"Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/general_variables/GeneralVariables/e4360ee3766c2863f06a34ffcdd9869d41b03d04c6f6af5f94b0a14a47e8e704",
      "@type":"GeneralVariables",
      "alternative_name": ["Last Afghan Empire", "Sadozai Kingdom" ],
      "language":"latin"
    },
    "name":"AfDurrn",
    "social_complexity_variables": {
      "@id":"Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/social_complexity_variables/SocialComplexityVariables/191353c4b7138842ec4029dd07fbd63c9dda752f0cd72b1584f046a274cf024c",
      "@type":"SocialComplexityVariables",
      "hierarchical_complexity": {
        "@id":"Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/social_complexity_variables/Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/social_complexity_variables/SocialComplexityVariables/191353c4b7138842ec4029dd07fbd63c9dda752f0cd72b1584f046a274cf024c/hierarchical_complexity/HierarchicalComplexity/d6a772c5c6919cc511a24ab89f908032aa32b1e3e939d2e0c32044b3a5d9151d",
        "@type":"HierarchicalComplexity",
        "admin_levels":"five"
      },
      "information": {
        "@id":"Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/social_complexity_variables/Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/social_complexity_variables/SocialComplexityVariables/191353c4b7138842ec4029dd07fbd63c9dda752f0cd72b1584f046a274cf024c/information/Information/2f557c1016552f30b8d8bb1bdd9a8584791dd06d32f25bded86a7eb59788ea7f",
        "@type":"Information",
        "articles":"present"
      }
    },
    "warfare_variables": {
      "@id":"Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/warfare_variables/WarfareVariables/704a2c1854a2fe80616fbea0ef0dcd6ce47f5174529ca191617e42397108c437",
      "@type":"WarfareVariables",
      "military_technologies": {
        "@id":"Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/warfare_variables/Polity/7286b191f5f62a05290b8961fd8836a26ddc8399611b216fae4aaacc58ba6c11/warfare_variables/WarfareVariables/704a2c1854a2fe80616fbea0ef0dcd6ce47f5174529ca191617e42397108c437/military_technologies/MilitaryTechnologies/80a91b3e5381154387bde4afc66fdd38834de16c671c49c769f5244475cbbb1b",
        "@type":"MilitaryTechnologies",
        "atlatl":"present",
        "battle_axes":"present",
        "breastplates":"present"
      }
    }
  }