There’s a toggle to enable a path bar in the View menu, along with an option to enable a status bar and a bunch of other things.

It pays to explore the menus of apps under macOS — it’s not like under GNOME or Windows where menubars are vestigial and paltry if they exist at all, Mac apps actually put a lot of useful things in them.

I hate Finder and use Forklift, but if you alt-click (or command/ctrl, I can't tell on my keyboard) the top where it says the file name you'll be shown a tree of the path you're in. It's not the full file path in a text window unfortunately.