Doesn't Russia have some satellite constellation that does that anyway? Or some private company just sells this. Even some amateur kubesats would be able to detect this.
No, not for jamming. AWACS are supposed to be able to detect signals beyond the noise floor from very high distances passively.
A starlink dish only has around 35dB of gain and around 4W of transmit power. It's sidelobes can almost certainly be detected from large distances by specialized aircraft.
There is no indication Ukraine has had much success with anything beyond MANPADS.