> "How can any cryptographer EVER figured out any trick to crack these hash algorithms?!"

More so, "How can any cryptographer EVER figure out any trick to come up with these hash algorithms?!" Seriously, they are incredibly impressive mathematical algorithms. Even coming up with an algorithm that is able to show the avalanche effect is mind boggling. To make sure that the algorithm is not biased to a set of samples AND shows the avalanche effect is tremendously mind blowing.

They can't. But there are certainly unsavory actors that are able to trick a certain percentage of the unsuspecting to just give them a private key.

They actually can, in some situations: https://security.googleblog.com/2017/02/announcing-first-sha...