With regard to Alexandria, if Euclid had access to all the resources of Alexandria, and Elements is the second-most translated and transcribed book (behind the Bible) then Euclid had the best known explanation of where the Greeks got the theorem (right or wrong) and also the historiographic influence to credit Pythagoras (also, of course, right or wrong). There might be a missing chapter of Euclid.
WRT Babylon, I don’t know how many tablets are left undeciphered. This article (or a comment) mentions the famous cosecant tablet. We have the tools to fill in the gaps for their language and math. I think extrapolating past that is at least as ahistorical as speculating about what was lost at Alexandria.
WRT Babylon, I don’t know how many tablets are left undeciphered. This article (or a comment) mentions the famous cosecant tablet. We have the tools to fill in the gaps for their language and math. I think extrapolating past that is at least as ahistorical as speculating about what was lost at Alexandria.