This seems to really stretch the word "system". A "systemic disadvantage" would be something like the test being rigged against you, or people of your racial group needing higher scores to get admittance (incidentally that's a systemic disadvantage Asians often face). In other words, there is an organized set of rules that give you a disadvantage, a system, if you will.
What you're describing seems less systemic and more naturally occurring. Nobody forces Asian families to put more emphasis on academics or black families to put less, that just tends to be the way things happen. If there is a system that encourages it I think it would only be the kind of "system" that could be anything.
Something like parental situation likely has a great deal to do with this and that's important to point out. For example, suppose that children raised by a single parent did worse academically, and suppose that 2/3 black families had only one parent compared to 1/5 Asian families. That's important to know because it means that to fix the problem we would need to encourage black people to stop creating single family homes rather than to force schools to stop educating white and Asian advanced students. I think this approach would result in a culture that spends less "D&I energy" on things like making sure school programs are exactly the right color and more on encouraging good behavior and explaining the problems of single parent families and how they can be avoided.
In this case I used the word "systemic" to mean "relating to the system as a whole" as opposed to just a small part of the system. I don't know if there is a better word. Maybe "societal" would work better?
In any case, I don't really care much about the distinction between "natural occurring" or "caused by some system". Of course it's important to search for the underlying reasons for inequality, but you can still do things even if you don't know what exactly is ultimately causing the inequality.
If you discover that a school program only benefits some races, because your tests tend to select only certain races, you don't need to change everything about society to make sure all races have similar test results.
You could also just change the admission criterion -- and I'm not talking about quotas. Maybe personal interviews with teachers or social workers would work better for selecting students? Or maybe you should just select the best students from each class, to avoid putting students at a disadvantage if they happen to have a bad teacher? Or maybe you could even change the whole program in a way that doesn't limit it to a few lucky kids who managed to get selected by some arbitrary process?
For example, you could just offer advanced classes open to anyone after school! Just let the kids decide for themselves if they want to try some more challenging things, without first testing them to make sure they really are worthy of your time.
What you're describing seems less systemic and more naturally occurring. Nobody forces Asian families to put more emphasis on academics or black families to put less, that just tends to be the way things happen. If there is a system that encourages it I think it would only be the kind of "system" that could be anything.
Something like parental situation likely has a great deal to do with this and that's important to point out. For example, suppose that children raised by a single parent did worse academically, and suppose that 2/3 black families had only one parent compared to 1/5 Asian families. That's important to know because it means that to fix the problem we would need to encourage black people to stop creating single family homes rather than to force schools to stop educating white and Asian advanced students. I think this approach would result in a culture that spends less "D&I energy" on things like making sure school programs are exactly the right color and more on encouraging good behavior and explaining the problems of single parent families and how they can be avoided.