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> I can read the 1s and 0s of a compiled binary in any language

But the 1s and 0s are not specified by the language (in almost all cases.) They're out of scope.




But where is the line? Is the stack size specific by any languages? Many language's compilers will eliminate variable assignments as an optimization. Since I can view a stack trace in some of those languages, then would that make that not an optimization? Like, if I just inserted `let x = 3;` in the middle of my function, but never used `x`, it would disappear from the compiled code. If I look at the stack trace, I wont see my `x` variable. Is that an optimization or a semantic language feature? Does it matter?


> But where is the line?

The line is: what has been formally specified by the language spec as being part of the language.




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