Taiwan had an emergency law in place thanks to lessons learned from SARS. Allowed government to track cell phones for quarantine and case tracking. This has turned out to be highly effective, without requiring a total authoritarian government. Even though I'm usually very much pro privacy, IMO with sufficient checks and limitations in place such a law is very effective - I'd gladly give up privacy in case I was tested positive or have traveled abroad in exchange of not needing any lockdowns and live normally otherwise.