I think the difference is not between legible errors vs none, but how many people who deeply understand computers are in the community. So a community difference instead of a technical one. In Windows land, most folks don't understand it, so most you'll find on the internet is "I reinstalled windows, the problem is gone" and "try Pro Cleaner ^TM 2000, the trial version has some ads but it removed the problem for me. requires E-Mail signup though".
Windows is also far more difficult to debug in the first place. macOS has stuff like the defaults command in the Terminal and verbose mode that give power users the tools to debug issues. Even if the Mac-using community isn't super tech-savvy on average, the architecture of macOS means that you're left with "Something went wrong; please try again later" far less often.
