Indeed. While Flemming himself was concerned about resistance, penicillin is:
1) Much broader spectrum than phage preparations
2) Easier to manufacture in large quantities
3) Safer, because you don't need to filter the prep to remove endotoxins
It's basically a silver bullet - if you don't look too far in the future. It was incredibly disruptive.
But I can see how it seemed that penicillin had solved that problem forever back then.