See this (97 page) review "Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning": https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.05433

You might also find Bret Victor's "What can a technologist do about climate change?" article interesting - it talks about software other than ML/AI: http://worrydream.com/ClimateChange/

As an example, Aclima offers "hyperlocal air pollution and climate emissions intelligence" (aclima.io). Looks like cool tech, but who would be their customers?