Couldn't you ring the bell of suspect apartments, verify the presence of illicit renters and call the police? Aren't there fines or worse for the owner?
No go for the police. Owner has disturbance staff but evicting people takes ages and they seemed to not work very hard on that, still getting that rent income so it's no difference to them.
In the US it's usually a city or county ordinance we're talking about, which can be criminal. Some cities have some kind of code enforcement officers to handle those cases, but a lot of the time this is handled by the police.
I’m sure a significant number of people would just say they booked on AirBnB straight up. Especially if it’s multiple apartments, and there are many, many different people coming and going. You can also find the listing on AirBnB itself. This should be sufficient evidence to do whatever you need to.
I think you are working on assumptions. You shouldn't.
If a person in a building that is not Airbnb-able, trust me, they will tell their tenants to say these things. I have experienced it myself in several Airbnbs i have stayed in.
You can't use the police to enforce policies set by the apartment company. It needs to not only be breaking the rules but also laws (which is hard to do disturbance-wise during daytime)