We are talking about pain, not a pain signal. Decrementing register can be a pain signal, but it can't produce feeling of pain (qualia). If humans can be simulated on a Turing machine, we can't feel that definition of pain too.
They obviously can't feel pain. Imagine you simulate that robot with a turing-complete cellular automaton on paper. At what moment in time will it feel pain as in qualia? When you scribe the next tick on a paper?
Isn't the most painful instruction a conditional jump? Especially when the CPU had preloaded the following instructions and realizes it has to abruptly branch somewhere else. If there is a mechanism of pain in the CPU it should be triggered by this unpredicted waste of power and time.
If the computer is running a complex algorithm that tries to keep the value of %eax as high a possible, then I think it would feel pain if you decremented that value.