I once worked with a professional cyclist. His attitude about PEDs were largely similar to yours: less about increasing your maximum ability and more that they allowed for better recovery between training/racing sessions. This is anecdotal, of course. No idea if itβs true.
There absolutely are PEDs that increase your maximum ability when it comes to endurance sports, like EPO. A reporter tried microdosing EPO (https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-32983932) and experienced a 7% increase in maximum performance in 7 weeks.