Interestingly, I thought that I could simply point you towards Wikipedia [1] and call it a day. However, obviously Newton's viewpoints were controversial in his day and remain so. The controversy is hinted at in Wikipedia, without details. Even the "History of gravitational theory" [2] article completely eliminates this aspect and the "Newton's law of universal gravitation" concentrates completely on the dispute with Hooke.
Many science-related articles on Wikipedia suffer from good-meaning but over-zealous gatekeeping of religious influences on science. So I'll just recommend to you to read a biography or three on Newton. His entire story is fascinating and we can see how tiny events in his childhood (death of father, influence of priest uncle) have affected the history of physics.
