This is super interesting ! I have a few questions !
How does the demand affect the frequency ? Is there a logical unit, somewhere, responsible of "communicating" through the network ? Or is it a physical effect ?
> When a factory is powered up, the turbines in the power plants are experiencing larger forces attempting to slow them down.
How does something like a higher demand, a drop in frequency, translate to a larger force attempting to slow down the turbines ?
Energy conservation. You're pushing (literally) against the electrical workload of the connected circuits (places where people have plugged a device into a socket and made a loop). When there's more to push against, your steam goes less far and your turbine starts to slow. You can then apply more energy and push the system back up to speed.
If this was not the case, we could basically generate arbitrary amounts of power from nowhere, as there was no resistance and we could thus just spin a generator forever with zero power necessary (except for the little bit required to overcome friction) once it is set in motion. The Lorentz force makes sure that's not the case by slowing down the movement, and it slows it down more if more electric power is pulled from the generator.
How does the demand affect the frequency ? Is there a logical unit, somewhere, responsible of "communicating" through the network ? Or is it a physical effect ?
> When a factory is powered up, the turbines in the power plants are experiencing larger forces attempting to slow them down.
How does something like a higher demand, a drop in frequency, translate to a larger force attempting to slow down the turbines ?