Rust does not prevent all race conditions because doing so would be impossible. It would be akin to solving the halting problem.

Deadlocks, and other synchronization issues are just some 'general race conditions' Rust can't solve.

Rust's prevents 'data races' defined as:

-two or more threads concurrently accessing a location of memory

-one of them is a write

-one of them is unsynchronized

https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/races.html