Unfortunately the article does not provide an explanation how the GPIO transmit function was achieved, but most probably it was based on prior art here:
It started with piFM [1] where the possibility was explored to modulate the internal PLL Raspberry Pi with FM and output it on pin GPIO4. This was then further refined and a PWM phase and amplitude modulation technique was applied which made it possible to generate SSB signals [2]. Based on this rpitx [3] was then created which made it possible to basically modulate any type of signal, enabling to use a raspberry pi for analog and digital broadcasts, and to replace key fobs for RF smart plugs and other wireless devices. So yes, it is possible..
