My assumption is that old grants so far will still get paid out but any new grants (vital to any biomedical/biotech research career) is effectively on pause because NIH study sections that evaluate grant applications are canceled.
If grants are not funded, then departments likely will not renew faculty contracts because they cannot keep the lights on (and if said faculty has tenure, they will likely cut junior faculty that don't have it)
Essentially an entire class year of biomedical research is on hold.
The 43-byte implementation might define only a subset of the functionality provided by the full VM, enough to "bootstrap" into the full implementation, most likely.
In fact, if the VM is Turing complete, it can theoretically emulate any computation, including its full implementation, even from a small subset of operations.
The point is that the 43-byte implementation does not need to encode the entire VM explicitly. For example, if the VM has built-in primitives for looping, branching, and memory management, the minimal implementation can leverage these to rebuild the remaining functionality.
"For example, its metacircular evaluator is 232 bits. If we use the 8-bit version of the interpreter (the capital Blc one) which uses a true binary wire format, then we can get a sense of just how small the programs targeting this virtual machine can be."
One of 3 reasons for rejecting YAML: "One is that the specification is large: 86 pages if printed on letter-sized paper. That leaves the possibility that someone may use a feature of YAML that works with one parser but not another. It has been suggested to standardize on a subset, but that basically means creating a new standard specific to this file which is not tractable long-term."
BTW, the HN title is misleading as grants being cancelled is not mentioned in the article.