The response can, and historically has, come from any nation, not just the one the ship is registered in.
For instance in the last (Somali) attack before this, a Maltese flagged tanker was boarded, and a Spanish warship arrived the next day and retook the ship.
> How do you cover the last 10-20% of the missing solar+wind+batteries output, at what cost?
First of all, we're very far from this being a problem. If you "only" move 90% of the electrical grid to solar and use fossil fuels to make up the remaining 10% it's a ridiculously huge win anyways. The person you are talking to is just talking about "new power", not "replacing all existing power"... so unless the grid is growing by 5 to 10x your objection here is utterly irrelevant.
Secondly, that whitepaper shows you can do this with incredibly unfavourable assumptions. Namely that they're
1. Ignoring transmission, in reality we can and will move power around from sunny to shady areas. The paper is assuming a single off grid facility. Because different areas are cloudy at different times this greatly reduces the peak amount of batteries needed.
2. Ignoring other sources of energy, like wind, hydro, etc. Because their failures are uncorrelated with solars failures, they greatly reduce the amount of storage needed to hit reliability targets. It's a lot more likely that you'll have a cloudy week than a cloudy and windless week.
This is also why pairing wind with batteries makes a ton of sense. You aren't just pairing wind with batteries, you're pairing wind with a mix of other electricity and batteries. The more uncorrelated sources of electricity you have the less batteries you need to paper over outages.
Bluesky and mastodon both strike me as easy targets, they expose protocol level integration points that are probably reasonably expensive to serve and reasonably difficult to detect malicious actors on and/or throttle without significantly degrading the service.
I could see low budget attackers deciding that they were the most (not very much) bang for the (also not very much) buck that they could get...
Ubuntu.com doesn't fit that narrative though. I would have thought canonical would have the servers and skill to weather quite a large attack (on the other hand it did go down...)
The accountability fundamentally lies with the distro maintainers. They're the ones shipping a "product". Either they need to get agreements in place for advance notice, or correctly set expectations with their users that they won't get advanced notice.
They dropped the ball when the shipped supposedly secure systems where their method for getting alerted to security updates was "hope people reporting to upstream will also notice a mailing list that will alert them".
(Caveat: Distro's like Ubuntu advertise security updates so this is on them. I'm not sure Gentoo does that, if they don't well then no one dropped the ball because no one represented that Gentoo got prompt security updates).
All it takes is to be part of the Kernel security team. I am surprised that many commercial strong distributors just not care enough to join the Kernel security team. Hopefully a valuable lesson was learned and fixes are applied.
What you need - the only thing you need - is dispatchable power. That is power supply that can rise and fall to meet demand. That is not what baseload is. It's also not what wind/solar provide.
What baseload is is electricity supply which is only economical if you use it all the time. Nuclear falls into this category because of its very high capital cost and low op-ex. If it's cheaper than dispatchable power (nuclear isn't) it's nice to have as much of it as the minimum demand that you see on the grid, to lower costs. If it's as expensive, or more expensive, than dispatchable power, that's fine, you just don't need it at all and can replace it entirely with dispatchable power.
It's similar to wind and solar in this, which also aren't dispatchable (though there supply curve looks different than the constant supply curve which "base load" is used to mean). Except wind and solar actually are cheaper than dispatchable power so they make economic sense.
The term is half marketing term and half a theory that constant supply non-dispatchable power would be significantly cheaper than dispatchable power so we should organize the grid around it. That theory didn't really pan out (apart from some places with non-storable hydro, and a few with geothermal).
The problem is where it's measuring joules of energy. To use cars as an example:
It measures joules of energy as in "how much heat the gasoline we burn produces", some of which we convert to mechanical energy to drive the car, but the majority is just waste heat going out the tailpipe.
By comparison an electric car powered by solar has no tailpipe. There's still a bit of waste heat from electrical resistance, but nowhere near as much.
If we measure like this, by converting a gasoline car to electric (powered by solar for the sake of ignoring some complexity), and driving the same distance, we somehow managed to cut our "energy demand" in half. Despite the fact that we're demanding the exact same thing from the system.
If we measured "joules delivered to the tires of the car" we wouldn't have the same issue. At least until someone starts arguing about how their car is more aerodynamic so joules delivered to the tires should count for more in it.
Edit: We could also go in the other direction. Instead of reporting it as 1kw of solar energy (electricity) it could be 4kw of solar energy (the amount of sunlight shining on the solar panels)... No one does this for obvious reasons, but it's more similar to that primary energy number for fuel in many ways.
I'm not sure I agree that they're making that bet (there's lots of market at current ranges IMHO), but even if they were it would be a great bet to make. We're talking about jumping to 375 [1] or even 400 Wh/kg in production cars this year [2] (with prototypes long since shown off). And there's every reason to believe that there's a lot more headroom in this space to improve, and that we will improve rapidly since we're making so many more batteries now.
For instance in the last (Somali) attack before this, a Maltese flagged tanker was boarded, and a Spanish warship arrived the next day and retook the ship.